Assam History

ASSAM HISTORY

The History of Assam is split into four major categories which are namely

* ANCIENT HISTORY OF ASSAM.

* MEDIEVAL HISTORY OF ASSAM.

* COLONIAL HISTORY OF ASSAM.

* POST-COLONIAL HISTORY OF ASSAM.

ANCIENT HISTORY OF ASSAM

The Ancient history of Assam is started with the Varman Dynasty within the era 350 to 1206 or 4th Century to the 12th century. In Kamrup Pushyavarman established the Varman dynasty and extend from the west Karatoya to west Sadiya, he's the founding father of Varman Dynasty or 1st King of Varman Dynasty. within the Note of Xuanzang who was the Chinese traveller during the amount of Bhaskarvarman's time wrote a note about Assam.

After the Death of Bhaskarvarman, the entire control of the Varman Dynasty visited Salastambha and established Mlecha Dynasty. The Capital of Mlecha Dynasty was at Hadapeshvar which is now Tezpur in Assam and ruled Kamrupa from 650-900 BC. In the 9th Century, the downfall of Mlecha dynasty started and new ruler Brahmapala came up.

After the Downfall of Mlecha Dynasty Pala dynasty came up. within the 9th Century, Bramhapala established Pala dynasty and their capitals are Hadapeshvar ( Now in Tezpur), Durjaya ( Now in North-Guwahati) and Kamrupanagar (Now Guwahati). The Kings of the Pala Dynasty are Ratnapala, Indrapala, Gopala, Harshpala, Dharmapala, Jayapala. After the downfall of the Pala Dynasty or Kingdom, the traditional history of Assam decline and new history period begin namely Medieval History. Madan Kamdev sculpture is reflected in the work of the Pala Dynasty.

MEDIEVAL HISTORY OF ASSAM

1206 to 1826 era is that the time of Medieval History of Assam. within the 13th Century, Kamata Kindom was established by Sandhya who moved his capital from Kamrupanagar to Kamatapur thanks to attacking by the Turks of Bengal. Allauddin Hussain Shah the Sultan of Bengal removed the last Kings of Kamatapur and commenced ruling but he couldn't establish a kingdom due to the Bhuya Chieftains. Bhuya Chieftains are the local warrior of Assam or landlords of Assam who protected the land.

In the begging of the 16th century, Vishwa Shing established Koch Dynasty within the Kamata Kingdom and began ruling but the amount of Naranarayan and Chilarai who was the son of Vishwa Shing reached the peak of Koch Dynasty.



On the opposite side, the Kachari and Chutiya Kingdom arouse with some Bhuya Chieftains. In 1187 Birpala the founding father of Chutiya Kingdom formed his first Kingdom in Swanagiri (Now Swansiri). After that, the son of Birpala named Ratnadhaajpal shifted the capital to Ratanpur ( Now Majuli) and moved to Sadiya at 1248. Kachari kingdom also called the Dimasa Kingdom.


In this Period a SHAN GROUP from China entered Assam and established the Ahom Kingdom and defeated Indigenous groups of Assam Chutia kingdom, Kachari Kingdom. On the other side, Koch King Naranarayan died and his kingdom was divided into two parts namely Kochbihar and Koch Hajo. which winds up are the entry of Mughals and extension of Ahom Kingdom.



On 17the Century 1671, the Battle of Saraighat was held and Ahom defeated Mughals which finally resulted in 1682. the most battle was fought between Mughal Fauzdar Mansur Khan and therefore the Ahom Commender DIHINGIA ALUN BORBORUA. during this battle, the Ahom defeated Mughals and sarkar Kamrup from Mughals.



On the 18th Century, Ahom lost its power under the hands of MOAMORIA REBELLION. The MOAMORIA REBELLION conflict between the Aom and Motok. The Ahom Kingdom fell to a BURMESE INVASION which ultimately led to colonization. With the defeat of Burmese, the primary Anglo Burmese war and subsequent treaty of Yandaboo, the control of Assam passed to British people.


COLONIAL HISTORY OF ASSAM.

After the Yandaboo treaty signed between Burmese and British the colonial history of Assam started or the amount, 1826 to 1947 is termed the colonial history period of Assam. during this treaty, the full Assam came under a people rule and began ruling in Assam and include Assam in Bengal Province. In 1839 the plantation of tea is started and import labour from China and established a Tea company named Assam Tea Company. After the expansion of the tea cultivation, a people Govt. brought labour from central India and treated them as a slave.



After that, the people of Assam protest against British rule and Gomdhar Kunwor was the primary person but he suppressed by a people. After that, other people of Assam raise voice against a people but who raise voice against British they gave the corporal punishment.



In 1857 the Indian rebellion started and Assam also took part during this rebellion. Maniram Dewan and Piyali Baruah are the leaders of this rebellion in Assam.



In 1861, PHULAGURI Ghat Nagaon the peasants of Nagaon were violently suppressed because they protest against the tax.

In 1874, Assam was separated from Bengal and Sylhet was included in Assam under chief commissioner's province and capital of Assam was made at Shilong and therefore the official language was changed to Bengali from Assamese.

In Digboi, Oil was discovered and grew up day by day. The British establish tea industry and oil industry and make a profit from it. But in 1983 Manik Chandra Baruah who was the secretary of Assam Association raised voice against it.

In 1905 Bengal was partitioned and East Bengal was added
and for the result, the migration of people started settled in Bramhaputra Valley and this problem faced by Assamese people nowadays also. 

In 1925 Assam legislative council was made with 25 people under British Govt. and later it was named as Assam Pradesh congress committee in 1920-1921. After that, under the Govt of Indian Act, 1919 the members are increased to 53 and later in 1935 it was increased by 108 members. 

POST-COLONIAL HISTORY OF ASSAM.

For Post Colonial History of Assam Click Here